Sustainable / organic farming aims to produce a number of crops, without the use of synthetic chemicals or fertilizers, while enhancing soil composition and promoting biodiversity. Although there are many types of agricultural practices, they can be generalized as sustainable or conventional based on the techniques used.
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In a comparison of agriculture, my goal is to assess the impact and performance of each practice and then identify the best method for growing crops. This paper will analyze and compare two types of farming, organic and conventional. With the current population at seven billion and rising, an important question must be addressed: What is the most sustainable and cost effective way to feed the world’s population? Fortunately humans have been perfecting agricultural methods for thousands of years, which can help to answer this question.
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Many agricultural techniques exist today, but in an effort to adjust to the exponential trends of our population without compromising the integrity of the environment it is necessary to have a global transition towards sustainable farming. Coupled with this growth however is the pollution and degradation of the natural environment. In addition, agricultural production has increased tremendously worldwide over the last century. Food insecurity caused by rapid population growth has pressured science to step in and produce many synthetic chemicals and gene manipulation techniques to maximize the potential of plants.
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As communities grow though, less and less land is available for food production and existing crops become easily exhausted. Until recent centuries, productive crops were mostly organic and existed with some permanence as part of a landscape. The science of agriculture has been refined and perfected over time to accommodate for the ever-increasing human population. Farming has enabled human populations to dominate the world’s landscapes for many thousands of years.